Summary of Basic Fabrics in Garment

Current Situation of the Garment Industry.

Fabric material plays an important role in forming a beautiful fashion product. High-quality, mid-grade, or regular fabric directly affects the price of a uniform shirt. Therefore, this article will help customers have a final view of each different fabric material, thereby understanding why a shirt has a high or low price or why this fabric is hot, cool and of high quality. Which fabric is best at absorbing sweat…

Origin of Fabric Material

In terms of chemical composition, fabric materials include the following three main types:

Natural fibre fabric: This fabric is derived entirely from natural sources such as cotton and sheep’s wool

Chemical fibre fabric: This type of fabric includes artificial fibre fabric derived from cellulose from wood, bamboo and synthetic fibre fabric derived from coal and petroleum.

Blended fabric: A combination of many different types of fibres.

Summary of Basic Fabrics in Garment
Summary of Basic Fabrics in Garment

Identify the Base Material

Natural fibre fabrics wrinkle easily, and when burned, the ash easily dissolves when squeezed.

Synthetic fibre fabrics are less likely to wrinkle, and when burned, the ash easily dissolves when squeezed.

Synthetic fibre fabrics do not wrinkle and clumping ash does not dissolve.

Blended fabrics include part of the advantages and disadvantages of the above fabrics

Fibre Composition in Some Common Materials

Nylon, polyester: Synthetic fibres

Cotton: Cotton fibre

Viscose, acetate: Synthetic fibres

Silk: Silk

Line: Flax

Wool: Wool

Basic Fabrics in Garment Today

Currently, on the market there are many types of fabrics with different properties and applications. Choosing the right fabric material will create a product that is beautiful in both aesthetics and use value. Below is a summary of information about popular fabric materials in garments in Vietnam.

Cotton fabric material

Cotton fabric here is understood as cotton fabric or cotton-blend fabric with soft fabric, often used to make round neck shirts. Suitable for all weather conditions whether hot or cold.

 

Cotton is one of the t-shirt fabrics made from the natural material cellulose, so the fabric is soft, smooth, has good and special elasticity and does not irritate the skin like many other artificial fibres. Not only that, the fabric is highly durable, can absorb sweat, and can be washed and dried quickly. Besides, the limitation of this type of fabric is that it easily gets dirty, wrinkles and shrinks when washed..

cotton fabric
Cotton fabric

Poly elastic fabric material

First, please distinguish between Poly and PE elastic fabrics!

These are all elastic fabric lines with 100% polyester composition. Poly or PE are both abbreviated from Polyester, however in the garment world, these two words are somewhat different, and are the names of two fabric lines with similar composition, crystallised from filament fibres. same. So what’s the difference?

Poly elastic fabric is woven from stretched filament fibres tightly braided together so it is smoother, more flexible and does not fluff during use.

PE elastic fabric is made of shorter filaments. Therefore, PE fabric is susceptible to fuzz during use.

Poly elastic fabric material
Poly elastic fabric material

These two lines of elastic fabric are both produced by chemical methods so they are cheaper.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COTTON AND POLY FABRIC MATERIALS

Thus, including cotton and Polyester elastic, if divided by the ratio of cotton in the fabric, we can imagine that there are generally 4 basic types of elastic fabric:

Fabric material is 100% cotton (commonly known as 100% cotton fabric).

Fabric material is 65% cotton (commonly known as CVC fabric or cotton 65/35)

Fabric material is 35% cotton (commonly known as TC fabric or cotton 35/65)

0% cotton fabric (commonly known as PE, Poly or 100% polyester)

Crocodile elastic fabric material

Crocodile elastic is one of the popular uniform fabric materials on the market today. Crocodile elastic fabric is a fabric with large fibres that create fish-scale-like eyes; Fabric components can be cotton, mixed fibres or chemical fibres. Therefore, there are different names such as: cotton crocodile, 65/35 crocodile or PE crocodile.

Crocodile elastic fabric material
Crocodile elastic fabric material.

Khaki fabric material

Khaki fabric is a thick, slightly elastic uniform fabric, made from natural cotton or twill-woven synthetic fibers and is usually light brown in color. Thanks to the high cotton content in the fabric, khaki fabric absorbs sweat well, making it very suitable for sewing many different types of costumes. The advantages of kiki fabric are that it does not wrinkle, has good color resistance, and is easy to wash and iron, so kiki fabric receives attention and trust from the market.

Khaki fabric is divided into 2 different types:

Khaki elastic fabric is thick, airy, elastic, and comfortable; Suitable for sewing women’s fashion items such as tight dresses and tight pants, helping to flatter a woman’s figure.

Non-elastic khaki fabric is less elastic, neater and has higher fibre durability. Often used in men’s fashion, workwear, backpacks…

Khaki fabric material
Khaki fabric material.

Jeans fabric material

In addition to the above 4 fabrics, denim is also one of the popular garment fabrics today. Denim fabric, also known as denim fabric, is woven from duck cotton fabric with a characteristic blue color. The characteristics of the fabric are durable, strong, and wrinkle-free. Most are produced from Asian countries including Vietnam.

Unlike other types of fibers that are dyed after weaving, jeans have been dyed first, so the fabric will be cut and sewn into outfits. Nowadays jeans are used a lot, especially among young people.

Felt fabric material

This type of fabric is very popular in Western countries. The characteristic of this material is its ability to keep warm very well because it is covered by a layer of short and smooth hair. Felt fabric is a combination of regular fibers and wool fibers, the outside is covered with a layer of short hair so it feels soft and smooth when touched.

Advantages of felt fabric: soft, not fuzzy, diverse in colors. Besides the advantages, felt fabric also has disadvantages: easily absorbs water, gets dirty quickly, feels a bit hot and stuffy when worn.

Felt fabric is divided into 2 types as follows:

Korean felt fabric: has many advantages such as softness and good elasticity. Often used to make handmade items.

Regular felt fabric: thinner than Korean felt, has light fur, relatively elastic, cheaper than Korean fabric.

Kate fabric material

Kate fabric is a blend of cotton and poly. This type of fabric is currently popular in the market for clothing products, bedding…

Kate fabric characteristics: relatively good absorbency, no wrinkles, quite soft fabric surface, easy to wash and iron, hypoallergenic and good color retention.

Kate fabric classification includes:

Kate silk fabric: is one of the most commonly used fabrics among Kate fabrics. The fabric is soft, smooth and colorfast. The synthetic fiber composition is 100% PE so the fabric is less wrinkled and has poor absorbency.

American Kate fabric: this type has good quality but high price, diverse colors, quite glossy and soft surface.

Kate Polin fabric: the fabric has a large thickness, contains a large amount of cotton fibers, so it has quite good absorbency.

Kate Ford fabric: surface is prone to shedding, relatively thick but in return has relatively good absorbency.

Striped fabric: designed with stripes of different sizes. This type has a slightly high price.

Korean kate fabric: this type has the lowest quality, the fabric is relatively thin, easily discolored and has poor absorbency.

Silk fabric material

One of the other popular garment fabrics is silk. Silk is a fabric woven from silk fibers, creating a very comfortable feeling when worn. This material has poor average elasticity. The fabric looks shiny and feels soft to the touch.

Classification of silk fabric includes:

Silk: woven from the silk fibers of silkworms

Silk satin: created based on a longitudinal weft connection, but the number of weft threads is greater than the warp thread

Cotton silk: made from a combination of cotton and silk fibers

Twill silk: has a higher thickness than normal with two different fabric surfaces.

Silk 2 leather: made from silk fibers and viscose fibers.

Brocade silk: the fabric surface is embroidered with different patterns during the weaving process

Damask silk: is woven similarly to satin silk, but the weft and warp threads are more even, patterns are also created when weaving.

Silk: woven from surplus fibers and of lower quality than silk. The outside is a bit rough but has a slight shine.

Nylon fabric material

Nylon is a type of fabric belonging to the polymer group created from chemicals, nylon fabric is also woven from synthetic fibers. Nylon fabric has high elasticity, good moisture resistance, high aesthetics, the fabric surface is difficult to attract dust, has poor absorbency, and is easily damaged when exposed to prolonged heat.

Wool fabric material

Wool fabrics are derived from animal hair such as goats, sheep, camels… often used to make warm clothes for the cold season because they have the ability to keep warm and absorb moisture well.

There are many different types of wool such as regular sheep wool, cashmere goat wool, Angora rabbit wool, Merino sheep wool… Depending on your needs and purpose of use, you can choose the appropriate wool fabric. Best.

Felt fabric material

Felt is a fabric covered with a layer of short and smooth hair on the surface. The outstanding characteristics of this material are that it is soft and very warm. On the market there are different types of felt fabrics such as: 1-skin felt, 2-skin felt, fish skin felt…

Canvas fabric material

Canvas is a fabric made mainly from hemp fiber, which can be combined with other fibers such as cotton or synthetic fibers. Canvas fabric is also called by another name, burlap fabric. The outstanding features of canvas fabric are that it has good water resistance, the fabric is difficult to fade and is highly durable.

Classification of canvas fabric includes:

Cotton Canvas: made from cotton and hemp fibers.

Hemp Canvas: made from 100% hemp fiber.

Linen Canvas: the fabric has the highest durability among all types. Created by combining two natural fibers: flax and hemp.

Synthetic canvas: fabric with very high water resistance.

Duck Canvas: fabric has a smooth, bright surface and is not rough.

Plain Canvas: woven from coarse fibers so the fabric is quite rough and the fabric is quite heavy

Linen material

The name linen comes from the origin of the fabric itself. Linen fabric is made from flax fiber with many advantages such as: good sweat absorption ability, airy, soft… Linen fabric is commonly used to make interior decoration items and garments. Summer wear, industrial products…

Besides its advantages, linen has limitations such as: wrinkles, causing inconvenience to users. In particular, the high price causes concern for customers’ needs.

Above is a summary of basic fabric materials commonly used in the garment industry in Vietnam with information about the properties, characteristics and applications of each type. Hopefully with the above information, readers will better understand each type of fabric, thereby being able to choose the appropriate materials for their needs.

 

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